21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇【精选推荐】
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容1 Onesummerholiday,ateenagervolunteeredtoworkinasoupkitchenandgotherfirstbigles下面是小编为大家整理的21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇【精选推荐】,供大家参考。
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容1
One summer holiday, a teenager volunteered to work in a soup kitchen and got her first big lesson there. What was the lesson she drew from the experience? Let"s read the following story.
Becoming a Better Person
Laura Hennessey
In the summer of 1992 I got my first big lesson in community service. I can still remember how I felt the first day of my volunteer assignment. I thought I was one of the most selfless teenagers around, giving a whole month of my precious summer to work in a soup kitchen.
At 7 a.m. every morning, I would walk to the bus stop in my suburban neighborhood, board the 67A and settle in for the hour-long ride into, what seemed to be, another world. Goodbye air-conditioning, big grassy yards and pedigree dogs. Hello smelly soup kitchen, sweltering street corners and trash-filled alleyways. I felt like a saint.
Two experiences from that month in the soup kitchen still stand out in my mind. One day the kitchen got a huge cardboard box filled with unpeeled baby shrimp. Needless to say, I, with the help of other volunteers, spent the whole morning sorting through and peeling a million little shrimp for the gumbo. I couldn"t eat shrimp for years.
The second experience was far more influential than the shrimp incident, but it was also much more difficult. Part of our job at the soup kitchen was to come up with activities for the neighborhood kids. We would see the same kids almost every day, so we got to know them quite well. I became particularly fond of a young boy named Bruce.
One rainy day Bruce, who was normally very outgoing and laughed easily, sat motionless, all alone at a big table in the corner. We tried to get him to join in the fun with the other kids, but he refused to take part in the silly games. Eventually, I approached him and sat down to talk.
"Hi, Bruce. How are you?" No response. "What"s wrong, Bruce? Are you sad?"
"No."
"Are you angry at somebody?"
"No."
"OK, Bruce. Are you tired?"
"No."
"Are you sick?"
Once again Bruce replied, "No."
I was beginning to get a little frustrated and starting to realize that maybe Bruce just wanted to be left alone. But then, he finally filled me in. He said, in his meek voice, "I"m hungry; my mom forgot to feed me."
I smiled as my heart simultaneously broke. "Well then, Bruce. Let"s find you some food." Then, hand in hand, we went into the kitchen and found the only food that was around that time of day — a couple of doughnuts. Bruce eagerly ate the tasty sweets, and I felt like a hero.
When I got off the bus that day I hurried home to fill my mom in on my day. I relayed the story to her in a tone tinged with excitement. Then, slowly, I saw a look of concern and worry spread across my mother"s face. She then sat down with me and said, "Laura, that"s great that you were there for him today, but you have to realize that it is only one day. What"s going to happen tomorrow, or next week or a month from now, when you are no longer there? You really have very little control over this little boy"s diet, let alone his life."
Her words struck me hard, but in that instant I realized a great many things about what it means to "make a difference." For a brief moment I felt useless, and I wanted to give up my dreams of changing the world for the better. But that moment quickly passed when I realized that giving up my dreams would mean giving up a very important part of myself. Quitting was not an option.
It was then that I knew service was going to be a part of my life for the rest of my life. It"s not about becoming a saint or a hero. It is about becoming a better person.
(642 words)
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容2
community
n. a group of people living together and/or united by common interests, background, nationality, etc. 社区
assignment
n. a piece of work given to a particular person or group (分派的)任务，工作
selfless
a. caring only for others and not for oneself 无私的;毫不利己的
teenager
n. a young person between 13 and 19 years old (指13岁19岁的)青少年
soup
n. 汤
kitchen
n. 厨房;灶间
suburban
a. of, for or in an outer area of a town or city 郊区的
soup kitchen
(救济贫民、灾民等的)施粥所，(免费或以极低价格供应汤和面的)施食处
* air-conditioning
n. the system that uses machines to control the temperature in a building, esp. to keep it cool and dry 空调系统
grassy
a. covered with growing grass 覆盖着(青)草的;长满草的
pedigree
a. (of an animal) of known descent, pure-bred, and of good stock (动物)纯种的，有系谱证明的
smelly
a. having a bad smell 有(强烈或难闻)气味的"
sweltering
a. unpleasantly hot 闷热的
trash
n. rubbish 垃圾，废物
activity
n. sth. done esp. for interest or pleasure (尤指娱乐或兴趣方面的)活动
alleyway
n. a narrow passage 小巷，胡同
saint
n. 圣人
cardboard
n. & a. 硬纸板(制的)
unpeeled
a. 未削皮(或剥壳)的
shrimp
n. 虾，小虾
needless
a. not needed; unnecessary 不需要的;不必要的
sort
vt. group; arrange; pick out 把…分类;整理;拣选
* peel
vt. remove the outer covering from 削去…的皮;剥去…的壳
gumbo
n. 秋葵汤(一种用秋葵英调浓的鸡汤、肉汤或海味汤)
influential
a. having great influence 有影响(力)的
fond
a. (of) having a great liking or loving for sb. or sth. 喜爱的
rainy
a. having a lot of rain 多雨的
normally
ad. usually; in the usual way 通常;正常地
outgoing
a. friendly; sociable 友好的;外向的;爽直的
motionless
a. without any movement 不动的，静止的
approach
v. come nearer (to) 靠近
response
n. (to) 1. a re* 回答
(to) 2. (an) action done in answer 反应
frustrate
vt. 1. cause (sb.) to feel annoyed or discouraged 使受挫折
2. prevent the plans or efforts of (sb. or sth.) from being achieved 挫败，阻碍
meek
a. quiet, gentle, and accepting others" actions and ideas without argument 温顺的，顺从的
simultaneously
ad. happening or being done at exactly the same time 同时发生地;同时完成地
doughnut
n. 油炸面圈饼
tasty
a. having a strong and very pleasant flavor 美味的
* relay
vt. pass (a message) from one person to another 传达，传递(信息)
tinge
vt. (with) (usu. pass.) give a slight degree of a quality to [常用被动态]使带有一点…性质
excitement
n. the state or quality of being excited 兴奋;激动
diet
n. 1. the sort of food and drink usually taken by a person or group 日常饮食
2. a limiting of what a person eats or drinks, for medical or personal reasons 特种饮食;规定饮食
instant
n. an extremely short moment of time 片刻，刹那
brief
a. 1. short in time 短暂的
2. containing few words 简短的
useless
a. not of any use 无用的
option
n. thing that is or may be chosen; choice 可供选择的事物;选择
Phrases and Expressions
settle in
get used to new surroundings; make oneself comfortable and prepare to stay somewhere for a period of time 适应新环境;安顿下来;舒舒服服地坐下
stand out
become very noticeable as a result of being different 清晰地显出
needless to say
of course 不用说，当然
come up with
think up (a plan, response, etc.); produce 想出(计划、答复等);提出
join in
become involved in (an activity with other people) 参加
take part in
have a share in (some activity) 参加
fill in
tell (sb.) about recent events 给…提供最新情况
hand in hand
手拉着手地;密切关联地
feel like
感觉好似
no longer
not any more 不再
let alone
更不用说
a great many
a very large number of 许许多多的
give up
stop doing or owning 放弃
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇扩展阅读
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇（扩展1）
——21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit8内容介绍60篇
21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit8内容介绍1
When a seven-year-old boy declared that he had fallen in love with a seven-year-old girl, the *s laughed, and the young ones did not understand why. In their eyes, their love was serious and important indeed.
Young and in Love
Jeanne Marie Laskas
Ryan has never had a girlfriend. Not because he is against the idea, but because it has never actually occurred to him. He is 7.
When Ryan"s father tells him about Katie, a girl who will also be at the weekend getaway, Ryan starts bouncing around as if hit with an electric charge. Maybe it"s just that there will be a kid the same age there. He gets so sick of being the only kid around when he and his dad do stuff.
Or maybe it"s that Katie is reported to like a lot of the same things Ryan likes. Maybe it"s the words his father says, the words that Ryan will not be able to get out of his ears: "They say she has 311 Pokemon cards."
Ryan has never met anyone with 311 Pokemon cards. He himself has 204. He gathers all of his and puts them in a box, so that he can show them to the girl named Katie.
The place is filled with grown-ups when he arrives, old friends drinking beer. Ryan wanders around, saying, "Where"s Katie?" until someone points to the family room. He charges in there, hoping it"s true.
He sees her there curled up on a couch with her mother, watching "Rug-rats." She has long brown hair and big green eyes. "I"m Ryan!" he announces.
She looks at him. She says something Ryan has never heard before. She says: "I have pneumonia."
Ryan has never met anyone with pneumonia before. There is no denying it any longer. This girl is special.
He says, "Do you want to see my Pokemon cards?" She stands up, takes him away to compare collections. She does not brag about the fact that she has more cards than he does, which you have to admit is a class act.
A half-hour goes by. Ryan and Katie return to the family room, where many of the grown-ups have gathered. "He asked me to be his girlfriend!" Katie announces.
"I have a crush on her!" Ryan says.
"I had two boyfriends before," Katie says. "But they were annoying. Not like Ryan. He is the best boyfriend I have ever had."
Katie and Ryan can"t understand why the grown-ups are laughing; they don"t understand that sweethearts don"t just come out and say these things. Love isn"t like this. Love is something that happens in code. Love is a complicated game of pretending not to love, not to care, so that the other one will have no choice but to love and care. At least this is how it works when you"re... mature.
They spend the day comparing Pokemon cards. It feels as if they could do this forever. Katie gives Ryan a Psyduck card, and not just because she has six of them. She gives it to him because Psyduck is her very favorite Pokemon character.
When it is time to go, Ryan asks if someone can please show him a map, so he can see how far away Katie lives. His father tells him it"s a few hundred miles. Ryan feels like throwing up. Katie says, "How about e-mail?" Katie has all the good ideas. Katie"s mom and Ryan"a dad agree to set up accounts for the kids.
On the drive home, Ryan holds his Psyduck card. He flips it over. He places it next to his cheek. As soon as he walks in the door, he turns on his dad"s com*r. For his screen name he chooses Psyduck plus a few of Katie"s favorite numbers, and KRKRKR for a password, as many K"s next to as many R"s as he can fit. In his message he says, "Dear Katie, Hi it"s me. What"s up? I was just wondering (what was up.) I miss you. Love, Ryan."
He awaits her response. He waits an hour. By the second hour, he is sitting at the com*r in tears. "What happened?" he wails to his dad. He wonders if she forgot about him, if any of it was really true. The answer could mean everything. This is love at ground zero. This is a trial run for a heart that will one day occupy a man.
"You"ve got mail," the com*r says. And there she is. "Dear Ryan," she writes. "I just got home. I miss you. I am so glad I am your girlfriend. Love, Katie."
Ryan is so happy he can hardly type the words back. "I got your message!" he writes. "It was a great message. It"s the only message I have ever got, so it is and always will be my favorite."
21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit8内容介绍2
girlfriend
n. 女朋友
weekend
n. 周末
getaway
n. a period of rest and relaxation, esp. a short one (离开大城市的)短暂休假
bounce
vi. 1. jump up and down 蹦蹦跳跳
2. strike a surface and rebound 反弹
charge
n. 电荷;电量
vi. rush forward 向前冲
dad
n. 爸爸
grown-up
n. *
beer
n. 啤酒
* couch
n. 长沙发
pneumonia
n. 肺炎
deny
vt. say that (sth.) is not true 否认;不承认
collection
n. 收藏(品)
brag
v. say or declare sth. in a proud way 自夸，吹嘘
class
n. (口)高质量;出色的风度
class act
(美俚)出类拔萃的人;出色的事物
annoy
vt. make (sb.) angry 使烦恼，使生气
sweetheart
n. 心上人，恋人
code
n. 代码;密码
complicated
a. difficult to explain or understand 复杂的，难懂的"
mature
a. fully grown or developed 成熟的
n. electronic mail 电子邮件
* flip
vt. turn (sth.) quickly 快速翻动;转动
cheek
n. 脸颊
screen
n. 屏幕
password
n. 口令，密码
await
vt. wait for 等待
wail
vt. 哭着说
trial
n. 试;试验
trial run
试行;试车;试航;试演
occupy
vt. take up (a place) 占据
purpose
n. an intention or plan 目的
n. 邮件
Phrases and Expressions
be sick of
be tired of 厌倦
curl up
sit or lie with legs drawn up 蜷缩
brag about
say or declare (sth.) in a very proud way 夸口，吹嘘
go by
pass (时间)过去
have a crush on
(口)非常喜欢;狂热地爱上
come out
appear in public 露面
throw up
vomit 呕吐
set up
establish or arrange 建立
flip over
turn over (quickly) 快速翻过来
in tears
crying 哭泣着，流着泪
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇（扩展2）
——21世纪大学英语Unit3读写教程60篇
21世纪大学英语Unit3读写教程1
Have you ever paid tributes to your mother? Have you ever expressed your emotions on the theme of mothers? Here industrialist Ross Perot and Professor Michael DeBakey are eager to salute their own mothers.
Mothers
An old Jewish proverb says, "God could not be everywhere, and therefore he made mothers."
Ann Taylor expressed her emotions on the theme of mothers with the following:
Who ran to help me when I fell,
And would some pretty story tell,
Or kiss the place to make it well?
My mother.
On account of the many tributes paid to mothers from the time of Eve, one might think the subject exhausted. But not so. Here, Industrialist Ross Perot and Professor Michael E. DeBakey are ready, indeed eager, to salute their own cherished mothers.
My mother was an angel.
Our family lived six blocks from the railroad tracks. During the Depression, the freight trains were filled with hoboes wandering from town to town looking for work. Every day they would come by our house asking for food. My kind mother would always share our food with them.
These people were poor and desperate, but we had absolutely no fear of them. When they knocked and asked for food, there was no concern that they might break in and steal things.
One day, a hobo said, "Lady, don"t you have a lot of people stopping by here?"
My mother said, "Yes, we do."
"Do you know why?" he asked.
She replied, "Not really."
Then he took her out to the street and showed her a mark on our curb. He said, "Lady, this mark on your curb says that you will feed people. That"s why you get so many visitors."
After the man left, I turned to my mother and said, "Do you want me to wash that mark off the curb?"
She replied with words that I will remember for the rest of my life. "No, Son, leave it there. These are good people. They are just like us, but they"re down on their luck. We should help them."
Ross Perot
Industrialist
My mother"s birthday, Christmas, is symbolic of her human warmth, her giving nature, her noble character, and her high Christian values. She and my father instilled those values in all their children from the earliest age, and she lived to make life better not only for her family, but for everyone she knew, particularly those less fortunate than she.
I recall vividly one incident in my childhood that had a lasting impact on me. Every Sunday after dinner, my parents would pack food, clothing, and books in our car and would drive, with their children, to an orphanage just outside our hometown. One Sunday I saw my mother packing a favorite cap of mine, and I protested. She calmly explained that I had several other caps and could easily get new ones, whereas the orphan who would receive this cap had none at all. She assured me that I would derive a special feeling of happiness when I saw the smile on the boy"s face as he put the cap on his head. That lesson made a deep impression on me, and the truth of her words has certainly stood the test of time as other incidents in my life have validated her words. I consider the wonderful parents that God gave me my greatest blessing, for they both believed it was always more blessed to give than to receive.
Michael E. DeBakey, M.D.
Professor
(545 words)
21世纪大学英语Unit3读写教程2
Jewish
a. of the Jews 犹太人的
proverb
n. 谚语，语言
emotion
n. strong feeling of any kind 激情;情感
theme
n. the main subject or idea of a talk, book, movie, etc. (谈话、书、电影等的)题目，主题
following
a. 下列的，下述的
account
n. 理由，根据;账目
* tribute
n. a gift, speech of praise, etc., given as an expression of gratitude toward another(表示敬意的)礼物;颂词，称赞
exhaust
vt. 1. use up 用尽，耗尽
2. talk about, write about or study a subject fully 详尽论述(某事物)
industrialist
n. a person engaged in the management of industry 工业家;实业家
eager
a. full of interest or desire; keen 热切的;渴望的;热心的
* salute
vt. honor or acknowledge with praise 颂扬
* cherish
vt. be fond of (sb./sth.); love 珍爱(某人/某事物);爱
railroad
n. (AmE) railway (美)铁路
freight
n. goods transported by ships, aeroplanes, or trains (水运、空运、陆运的)货物
hobo
n. (esp. AmE) an unemployed worker wandering from place to place (尤美)流动的失业工人;失业游民
wander
vi. move about without any special purpose or direction 游荡;闲逛;流浪
desperate
a. wild or dangerous because of despair (因绝望而)不顾一切的，拼命的
absolutely
ad. completely; beyond any doubt 完全地;绝对地
concern
n. worry; anxiety 担心;焦虑
* curb
n. (由路缘石砌成的`街道或人行道的)路缘
symbolic
a. 象征的，象征性的
warmth
n. the state or quality of being warm 热情;温暖
character
n. mental or moral qualities that make a person, group, nation, etc., different from others (个人、集体、民族等特有的)品质，特性
Christian
a. 基督教的;基督教徒的
instill
vt. put (ideas, feelings, etc.) gradually but firmly into sb"s mind by a continuous effort 逐渐灌输
particularly
ad. especially 特别，尤其
fortunate
a. lucky 幸运的
recall
vt. remember; bring (sth.) back to mind 记得;回想起
vividly
ad. in a lively manner 清晰地;生动地
incident
n. event or happening, often of little importance 事情，发生的事;小事
childhood
n. the condition or time of being a child 童年;幼年时代
lasting
a. continuing for a long time 持久的
impact
n. strong effect or influence on sb./sth. 影响;作用
pack
vt. put (items) into a container 把东西装进(箱子、盒子等)
orphanage
n. a place or institution for the housing and care of orphans 孤儿院
hometown
n. the town where one was born and lived while they were young 故乡，家乡
favorite
a. best liked 最喜欢的
protest
v. express strong disagreement or disapproval about (sth) *;对…提出异议
calmly
ad. *静地;镇定地
whereas
conj.compared with the fact that; while 然而，但是;而
orphan
n. a child whose parents are dead 孤儿
assure
vt. promise or tell sth. to (sb.) confidently or firmly 向…保证
derive
vt. get or obtain 取得，得到
happiness
n. 愉快，快乐，高兴
impression
n. an effect produced (esp. on the mind or feelings) 印象
validate
vt. 1. make (sth.) logical or justifiable 证实;确证
2. make (sth.) legally effective 使(某事物)具有法律效力
blessing
n. God"s favour and protection (上帝的)赐福，保佑
Phrases and Expressions
on account of
because of 因为，由于
pay (a) tribute to sb./sth.
express one"s admiration or respect for sb./sth. 对(某事物)表示赞赏或敬意
look for
search for or try to find (sb./sth.) 寻找;寻求
come by
visit a person or place for a short time, often when one is going somewhere else; get, obtain 访问，看望;得到，获得
ask for
expect or demand (sth.) 要;要求
share with
have a share of (sth.) with another or others 与别人分享(某物)
break in
get into a building by using force, usu. in order to steal sth. 强行闯入屋内，破门而入
stop by
pay a short visit to a person or place, usu. when one in going somewhere else (顺便)过访
wash sth. off
remove sth. from the surface of a material, etc., by washing 把某物冲洗掉
be down on one"s luck
have bad luck, esp. in money * 不走运;穷困潦倒
at all
(used with negatives or questions) in any way or of any type [用于否定句或疑问句]丝毫，一点;根本
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇（扩展3）
——21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容 (菁选2篇)
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容1
One summer holiday, a teenager volunteered to work in a soup kitchen and got her first big lesson there. What was the lesson she drew from the experience? Let"s read the following story.
Becoming a Better Person
Laura Hennessey
In the summer of 1992 I got my first big lesson in community service. I can still remember how I felt the first day of my volunteer assignment. I thought I was one of the most selfless teenagers around, giving a whole month of my precious summer to work in a soup kitchen.
At 7 a.m. every morning, I would walk to the bus stop in my suburban neighborhood, board the 67A and settle in for the hour-long ride into, what seemed to be, another world. Goodbye air-conditioning, big grassy yards and pedigree dogs. Hello smelly soup kitchen, sweltering street corners and trash-filled alleyways. I felt like a saint.
Two experiences from that month in the soup kitchen still stand out in my mind. One day the kitchen got a huge cardboard box filled with unpeeled baby shrimp. Needless to say, I, with the help of other volunteers, spent the whole morning sorting through and peeling a million little shrimp for the gumbo. I couldn"t eat shrimp for years.
The second experience was far more influential than the shrimp incident, but it was also much more difficult. Part of our job at the soup kitchen was to come up with activities for the neighborhood kids. We would see the same kids almost every day, so we got to know them quite well. I became particularly fond of a young boy named Bruce.
One rainy day Bruce, who was normally very outgoing and laughed easily, sat motionless, all alone at a big table in the corner. We tried to get him to join in the fun with the other kids, but he refused to take part in the silly games. Eventually, I approached him and sat down to talk.
"Hi, Bruce. How are you?" No response. "What"s wrong, Bruce? Are you sad?"
"No."
"Are you angry at somebody?"
"No."
"OK, Bruce. Are you tired?"
"No."
"Are you sick?"
Once again Bruce replied, "No."
I was beginning to get a little frustrated and starting to realize that maybe Bruce just wanted to be left alone. But then, he finally filled me in. He said, in his meek voice, "I"m hungry; my mom forgot to feed me."
I smiled as my heart simultaneously broke. "Well then, Bruce. Let"s find you some food." Then, hand in hand, we went into the kitchen and found the only food that was around that time of day — a couple of doughnuts. Bruce eagerly ate the tasty sweets, and I felt like a hero.
When I got off the bus that day I hurried home to fill my mom in on my day. I relayed the story to her in a tone tinged with excitement. Then, slowly, I saw a look of concern and worry spread across my mother"s face. She then sat down with me and said, "Laura, that"s great that you were there for him today, but you have to realize that it is only one day. What"s going to happen tomorrow, or next week or a month from now, when you are no longer there? You really have very little control over this little boy"s diet, let alone his life."
Her words struck me hard, but in that instant I realized a great many things about what it means to "make a difference." For a brief moment I felt useless, and I wanted to give up my dreams of changing the world for the better. But that moment quickly passed when I realized that giving up my dreams would mean giving up a very important part of myself. Quitting was not an option.
It was then that I knew service was going to be a part of my life for the rest of my life. It"s not about becoming a saint or a hero. It is about becoming a better person.
(642 words)
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容2
community
n. a group of people living together and/or united by common interests, background, nationality, etc. 社区
assignment
n. a piece of work given to a particular person or group (分派的)任务，工作
selfless
a. caring only for others and not for oneself 无私的;毫不利己的
teenager
n. a young person between 13 and 19 years old (指13岁19岁的)青少年
soup
n. 汤
kitchen
n. 厨房;灶间
suburban
a. of, for or in an outer area of a town or city 郊区的
soup kitchen
(救济贫民、灾民等的)施粥所，(免费或以极低价格供应汤和面的)施食处
* air-conditioning
n. the system that uses machines to control the temperature in a building, esp. to keep it cool and dry 空调系统
grassy
a. covered with growing grass 覆盖着(青)草的;长满草的
pedigree
a. (of an animal) of known descent, pure-bred, and of good stock (动物)纯种的，有系谱证明的
smelly
a. having a bad smell 有(强烈或难闻)气味的"
sweltering
a. unpleasantly hot 闷热的
trash
n. rubbish 垃圾，废物
activity
n. sth. done esp. for interest or pleasure (尤指娱乐或兴趣方面的)活动
alleyway
n. a narrow passage 小巷，胡同
saint
n. 圣人
cardboard
n. & a. 硬纸板(制的)
unpeeled
a. 未削皮(或剥壳)的
shrimp
n. 虾，小虾
needless
a. not needed; unnecessary 不需要的;不必要的
sort
vt. group; arrange; pick out 把…分类;整理;拣选
* peel
vt. remove the outer covering from 削去…的皮;剥去…的壳
gumbo
n. 秋葵汤(一种用秋葵英调浓的鸡汤、肉汤或海味汤)
influential
a. having great influence 有影响(力)的
fond
a. (of) having a great liking or loving for sb. or sth. 喜爱的
rainy
a. having a lot of rain 多雨的
normally
ad. usually; in the usual way 通常;正常地
outgoing
a. friendly; sociable 友好的;外向的;爽直的
motionless
a. without any movement 不动的，静止的
approach
v. come nearer (to) 靠近
response
n. (to) 1. a re* 回答
(to) 2. (an) action done in answer 反应
frustrate
vt. 1. cause (sb.) to feel annoyed or discouraged 使受挫折
2. prevent the plans or efforts of (sb. or sth.) from being achieved 挫败，阻碍
meek
a. quiet, gentle, and accepting others" actions and ideas without argument 温顺的，顺从的
simultaneously
ad. happening or being done at exactly the same time 同时发生地;同时完成地
doughnut
n. 油炸面圈饼
tasty
a. having a strong and very pleasant flavor 美味的
* relay
vt. pass (a message) from one person to another 传达，传递(信息)
tinge
vt. (with) (usu. pass.) give a slight degree of a quality to [常用被动态]使带有一点…性质
excitement
n. the state or quality of being excited 兴奋;激动
diet
n. 1. the sort of food and drink usually taken by a person or group 日常饮食
2. a limiting of what a person eats or drinks, for medical or personal reasons 特种饮食;规定饮食
instant
n. an extremely short moment of time 片刻，刹那
brief
a. 1. short in time 短暂的
2. containing few words 简短的
useless
a. not of any use 无用的
option
n. thing that is or may be chosen; choice 可供选择的事物;选择
Phrases and Expressions
settle in
get used to new surroundings; make oneself comfortable and prepare to stay somewhere for a period of time 适应新环境;安顿下来;舒舒服服地坐下
stand out
become very noticeable as a result of being different 清晰地显出
needless to say
of course 不用说，当然
come up with
think up (a plan, response, etc.); produce 想出(计划、答复等);提出
join in
become involved in (an activity with other people) 参加
take part in
have a share in (some activity) 参加
fill in
tell (sb.) about recent events 给…提供最新情况
hand in hand
手拉着手地;密切关联地
feel like
感觉好似
no longer
not any more 不再
let alone
更不用说
a great many
a very large number of 许许多多的
give up
stop doing or owning 放弃
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇（扩展4）
——21世纪大学英语读写教程第4册第3课内容解说60篇
21世纪大学英语读写教程第4册第3课内容解说1
Caroline Seebohm
Dr. Edward Jenner was busy trying to solve the problem of smallpox. After studying case after case, he still found no possible cure. He had reached an impasse in his thinking. At this point, he changed his tactics. Instead of focusing on people who had smallpox, he switched his attention to people who did not have smallpox. It turned out that dairymaids apparently never got the disease. From the discovery that harmless cowpox gave protection against deadly smallpox came vaccination and the end of smallpox as a scourge in the western world.
We often reach an impasse in our thinking. We are looking at a problem and trying to solve it and it seems there is a dead end. It is on these occasions that we become tense, we feel pressured, overwhelmed, in a state of stress. We struggle vainly, fighting to solve the problem.
Dr. Jenner, however, did something about this situation. He stopped fighting the problem and sim* changed his point of view—from his patients to dairy maids. Picture the process going something like this: Suppose the brain is a com*r. This com*r has absorbed into its memory bank all your history, your experiences, your training, your information received through life; and it is programmed according to all this data. To change your point of view, you must reprogramme your com*r, thus freeing yourself to take in new ideas and develop new ways of looking at things. Dr. Jenner, in effect, by reprogramming his com*r, erased the old way of looking at his smallpox problem and was free to receive new alternatives.
That"s all very well, you may say, but how do we actually do that?
Doctor and philosopher Edward de Bono has come up with a technique for changing our point of view, and he calls it Lateral Thinking.
The normal Western approach to a problem is to fight it. The saying, "When the going gets tough, the tough get going," is typical of this aggressive attitude toward problem-solving. No matter what the problem is, or the techniques available for solving it, the framework produced by our Western way of thinking is fight. Dr. de Bono calls this vertical thinking; the traditional, sequential, Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from one step to the next, like toy blocks being built one on top of the other. The flaw is, of course, that if at any point one of the steps is not reached, or one of the toy blocks is incorrectly placed, then the whole structure collapses. Impasse is reached, and frustration, tension, feelings of fight take over.
Lateral thinking, Dr. de Bono says, is a new technique of thinking about things—a technique that avoids this fight altogether, and solves the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.
In one of Sherlock Holmes"s cases, his assistant, Dr. Watson, pointed out that a certain dog was of no importance to the case because it did not appear to have done anything. Sherlock Holmes took the opposite point of view and maintained that the fact the dog had done nothing was of the utmost significance, for it should have been expected to do something, and on this basic he solved the case.
Lateral thinking sounds simple. And it is. Once you have solved a problem laterally, you wonder how you could ever have been hung up on it. The key is making that vital shift in emphasis, that sidestepping of the problem, instead of attacking it head-on.
Dr. A. A. Bridger, psychiatrist at Columbia University and in private practice in New York, explains how lateral thinking works with his patients. "Many people come to me wanting to stop smoking, for instance," he says. "Most people fail when they are trying to stop smoking because they wind up telling themselves, "No, I will not smoke; no, 1 shall not smoke; no, I will not; no, I cannot..." It"s a fight and what happens is you end up smoking more."
"So instead of looking at the problem from the old ways of no, and fighting it, I show them a whole new point of view—that you are your body"s keeper, and your body is something through which you experience life. If you stop to think about it, there"s really something helpless about your body. It can do nothing for itself. It has no choice, it is like a baby"s body. You begin then a whole new way of looking at it—‘I am now going to take care of myself, and give myself some respect and protection, by not smoking."
“There is a Japanese parable about a donkey tied to a pole by a rope. The rope rubs tight against his neck. The more the donkey fights and pulls on the rope, the tighter and tighter it gets around his throat—until he winds up dead. On the other hand, as soon as he stops fighting, he finds that the rope gets slack, he can walk around, maybe find some grass to eat...That"s the same principle: The more you fight something the more anxious you become—the more you"re involved in a bad pattern, the more difficult it is to escape pain.
"Lateral thinking," Dr. Bridger goes on, "is sim* approaching a problem with what I would call an Eastern flanking maneuver. You know, when a zen archer wants to hit the target with a bow and arrow, he doesn"t concentrate on the target, he concentrates rather on what he has in his hands, so when he lets the arrow go, his focus is on the arrow, rather than the target. This is what an Eastern flanking maneuver implies—instead of approaching the target directly, you approach it from a sideways point of view—or laterally instead of vertically."
"I think the answer lies in that direction," affirms Dr. Bridger. "Take the situation where someone is in a crisis. The Chinese word for crisis is divided into two characters, one meaning danger and the other meaning opportunity. We in the Western world focus only upon the ‘danger" aspect of crisis. Crisis in Western civilization has come to mean danger, period. And yet the word can also mean opportunity. Let us now suggest to the person in crisis that he cease concentrating so upon the dangers involved and the difficulties, and concentrate instead upon the opportunity—for there is always opportunity in crisis. Looking at a crisis from an opportunity point of view is a lateral thought."
21世纪大学英语读写教程第4册第3课内容解说2
smallpox
n. a highly contagious disease causing spots which leave marks on the skin 天花
impasse
n. a position from which progress is impossible; deadlock 僵局;死胡同
tactics
n. a method or process of carrying out a scheme or achieving some end 战术;策略
dairymaid
n. a girl or woman who works in a dairy 牛奶场女工
dairy
n. 1. place where milk is kept and milk products are made 牛奶场;奶品场
2. shop where milk, butter, etc. are sold 乳品店
cowpox
n. a disease of cows, of which the virus was formerly used in vaccination against smallpox 牛痘
vaccination
n. 接种疫苗
scourge
n. thing or person that causes great trouble or misfortune 苦难的根源;灾难;祸害
dead end
n. a point beyond which progress or achievement is impossible; a street or passage closed at one end 僵局;死巷，死胡同
vainly
ad. uselessly; in vain 枉然地;徒劳地
vain
a. 1. having too high an opinion of one"s looks, abilities, etc.; conceited 自视甚高的;自负的
2. useless or futile 无用的，无益的，无效的;徒劳的
erase
vt. rub out; remove all traces of 擦掉;抹去
lateral
a. of, at, towards, or from the side or sides 横向的.;侧面的;向侧面的
laterally
ad. in a lateral direction, sideways 横向地;侧面地;旁边地
lateral thinking
横向思维，水*思考
going
n. 1. the condition of the ground for walking, driving or riding 地面状况
2. condition of progress 进行情况;进展
framework
n. 1. set of principles or ideas used as a basis for one"s judgement, decisions, etc. 参照标准;准则;观点
2. structure giving shape and support 框架，结构
vertical
a. straight up and down; at right angles to a horizontal plane 纵向的;垂直的
vertically
ad. in a vertical direction 垂直地
sequential
a. of, forming, or following in (a) sequence 相继的;连续的
flaw
n. a defect; fault; error 瑕疵;缺点
structure
n. sth. built; anything composed of parts arranged together; way in which sth. is put together, organized, built, etc. 结构;建筑物;构造物
utmost
a. greatest; highest 极度的;极高的
significance
n. importance; meaning 重要性;意义，含义
sidestep
v. step aside; avoid by stepping aside 横跨一步避开;回避
head-on
ad. in a direct manner; with the head or front first 正面地;迎头向前地
parable
n. a brief story used to teach some moral lesson or truth 寓言
donkey
n. 驴
slack
a. not tight or firm; loose 不紧的;松弛的
flank
v. be located at the side (of); attack the side (of) 位于侧面;攻击侧面
man(o)euver
n. a planned movement of troops or warships; a skillful move or clever trick 部队等的调遣;巧计;策略
flanking maneuve
n. 侧攻策略
zen
n. a japanese form of Buddhism, emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition 禅;禅宗
archer
n. a person who shoots with a bow and arrows 弓箭手
bow
n. 弓
im*
vt. express indirectly; suggest 暗示;意味着
sideways
a. to or from a side 旁边的;向侧面的
affirm
vt. declare to be true; say firmly 断言;肯定
period
int.(美口)(常用于叙述事实或看法后表示强调)就是这话;就是这么回事
cease
vt. put an end to; stop 终止;停止
21世纪大学英语读写教程第4册第3课内容解说3
take in
receive; absorb 接受;接纳;吸收
in effect
in reality 实际上
take over
take control in place of sth. else 取而代之;取得主导地位
be hung up on/about
be thinking or worrying too much about 因…而烦心;因…而心神不宁
wind up
(infml.) bring or come to an end; end in a specified state or circumstance (口)(使)结束;以…告终
end up
wind up; come out 结束;结果是
pull on
draw (one end of sth. long) continuously and with force 用力拉(某长形物之一端)
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇（扩展5）
——21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文Unwritten Rules60篇
21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文Unwritten Rules1
First Listening
1. As you listen to the tape the first time, mark each word or phrase J or T, to indicate whether Jill (the woman) or Tim (the man) says them. (Some words might be spoken by both people!)
animal anywhere asleep car cold decent ignore law light no one police safety sleepy social contract who knows
Then briefly summarize each person"s attitude toward the social contract.
Second Listening
2. Whose point of view is closer to your own? Are there situations when it"s okay to break the rules? Are there rules it"s never okay to break, even when you"re alone?
21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文Unwritten Rules2
Bob Greene
The restaurant was almost full. A steady hum of conversation hung over the room; people spoke with each other and worked on their meals.
Suddenly, from a table near the center of the room, came a screaming voice: "Damn it, Sylvia...."
The man was shouting at the top of his voice. His face was red, and he yelled at the woman sitting opposite him for about fifteen seconds. In the crowded restaurant, it seemed like an hour. All other conversations in the room stopped, and everyone looked at the man. He must have realized this, because just as suddenly as he had started, he lowered his voice and finished whatever it was he had to say in a tone the rest of us could not hear.
It was startling precisely because it almost never happens; there are no laws against such explosions, and with the pressures of our modern world you would almost expect to run into such things on a regular basis. But you don"t; as a matter of fact, when I thought it over I realized that it was the first time in my life I had witnessed such a demonstration. During all the meals I"ve had in restaurants, I had never seen a person start screaming at the top of his lungs.
When you"re eating among other people, you don"t raise your voice; it"s just one example of the unwritten rules we live by. When you consider it, you recognize that those rules probably govern our lives on a more absolute basis than the ones you could find if you looked in the law books. The customs that govern us are what make a civilization. There would be chaos without them, and yet it"s not at all clear why — even in our disintegrating society — we obey them.
How many times have you stopped at a red light late at night? You can see in all directions; there"s no one else around — no headlights, no police cruiser idling behind you. You"re tired and in a hurry. But you wait for the light to change. Is it for safety"s sake? No; you can see that there would be no accident if you drove on. Is it to avoid getting arrested? No; you are alone; there"s no one to catch you. Still, you sit and wait.
At major athletic events, it is not uncommon to find 90,000 or 100,000 people sitting in the stands. On the playing field are two dozen athletes —maybe fewer. There aren"t enough security guards on hand to keep all the spectators from getting out of their seats and walking onto the field. But it never happens. Regardless of the emotion of the contest, the spectators stay in their places, and the athletes are safe in their part of the arena. The invisible barrier always holds.
In restaurants and coffee shops, people pay their bills. It"s a simple enough concept. Yet it would be remarkably easy to wander away from a meal without paying at the end. Especially in these difficult economic times, wouldn"t you expect this to become a common form of cheating? Why doesn"t it happen more often? It"s just another unwritten rule of human conduct that people automatically make good on their debts. They would no sooner walk out on a bill than start screaming.
I know a man who, when he parks his car at a parking meter, always puts change in the meter even if there"s time left on it. He regards it as the right thing to do. He says he isn"t doing it just to extend the time remaining—even if there"s sufficient time on the meter to cover whatever task he has to perform at the location, he pays his own way. He believes that you"re supposed to purchase your own time; the fellow before you purchased only his.
There are so many rules like these—rules that we all obey—that we think about them only when that rare person violates them. In the restaurant, after the man had yelled "Damn it, Sylvia" there was a tentative atmosphere among the other diners for half an hour after it happened. They weren"t sure what disturbed them about what they had witnessed; they knew, though, that it had violated something very basic about the way we"re supposed to behave. And it bothered them—which in itself is a hopeful sign that, more often than not, all is well.
21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文Unwritten Rules3
hum
n. a low steady continuous sound 连续低沉的声音
screaming
a. 尖声的，发出尖叫声的
scream
v. say (sth.) loudly and usually on a high note, esp. because of anger, fear, pain, etc. (因恐惧、痛苦等而)尖声喊叫，惊呼
*
v. 1. declare to be very wrong or bad 指责，贬斥
2. (esp. of God) send (sb.) to punishment without end after death (尤指上帝)罚(某人)入地狱受罪
3. curse at 诅咒;咒骂
int. 该死，他妈的，讨厌(表示愤怒、厌烦、轻蔑、失望等)
yell
vi. (at) speak or say sth. in a very loud voice 叫喊，叫嚷
precisely
ad. 1. exactly; just 恰好;正好
2. in an exact manner; carefully 精确地;细致地
precision
n. exactness 精确，准确
a. made or done with exactness 精密的，确切的
explosion
n. 1. a sudden bursting out of strong emotion (感情等的)爆发，迸发
2. (a loud noise caused by) a sudden, violent burst of energy 爆炸(声)，炸裂(声)
3. a large and rapid increase 大规模的扩大;激增
explode
vi. 1. blow up or burst 爆炸;爆破
2. (in, with) show sudden violent emotion 爆发，迸发
vt. 1. cause (a bomb, etc.) to blow up or burst 使爆炸;使突发
2. (often pass.) destroy (a belief) [常被动] 破除，戳穿
explosive
a. that can explode 会爆炸的
basis
n. 基础;根据;基本原则，准则
basically
ad. with regard to what is most important and basic; in reality 基本上;实际上;主要地
witness
vt. see (sth.) happen 目击
n. a person who sees an event take place and is therefore able to describe it to others 目击者，见证人
demonstration
n. 1. the expression of a feeling (情绪的)显示，表露
2. a public show of strong feeling or opinion, often with marching, big signs **
absolute
a. 1. not depending on or measured by comparison with other things 绝对的
2. complete: total 完全的;十足的
3. certain; definite; leaving no doubt 确实的;不容置疑的
custom
n. 1. (an) established socially accepted practice 习俗，风俗
2. the habitual practice of a person (个人)习惯
customary
a. established by custom; usual or habitual 习俗的;习惯的
*disintegrate
v. 1. fall apart 瓦解;解体
2. (cause to) break into small parts or pieces (使)碎裂;(使)粉碎
headlight
n. 车前灯
cruiser
n. (AmE) a police car (美)警察巡逻车
sake
n. 目的;理由;缘故;利益
arrest
vt. take and keep (sb.) prisoner with the authority of the law 依法逮捕，拘捕
athletic
a. of or concerning athletes or athletics 运动员的;运动的
security
n. safety; sth. that provides or assures safety 安全;保卫措施，安全措施
*spectator
n. a person who is watching an event or game (比赛等的.)观看者，观众
emotion
n. 1. any of the strong feelings of the human spirit 情感;激情;感情
2. strength of feelings; excited state of the feelings 激动
contest
n. an event in which people compete against each other; a competition 竞赛;比赛
arena
n. a level area for sports, public entertainment, etc. (供竞技、表演等用的)场地
remarkably
ad. unusually; noticeably 非凡地，异常地;值得注意地，引人注目地
parking meter
a device next to a parking space into which one has to put money for parking for a certain time 汽车停放计时器，汽车停放收费计
extend
vt. make (sth.) longer or larger 使延长，使延期;扩展，扩大
extension
n. 1. the act of extending or being extended 延伸;扩展
2. a part which is added to make sth. longer, wider, or larger 增加的部分
location
n. a place or position 地点;位置
*violate
vt. break or be contrary to (a rule, principle, treaty, etc.) 违反，违背;违犯
*tentative
a. 犹豫的，迟疑不决的
diner
n. a person eating dinner 就餐者
behave
v. 1. act; bear oneself 行为;举止
2. (of things) act in a particular way (事物)作出反应;起作用
3. (of machines, etc.) work or function (机器等)运转
hopeful
a. 1. (of things) causing hope; likely to be favourable or successful; promising (事物)有希望的，给人希望的;有前途的
2. having hope 抱有希望的;充满希望的
Phrases and Expressions
hang over
remain, esp. as sth. unpleasant or threatening 笼罩;威胁
* it
(俚)该死
raise/lower one"s voice
speak more loudly/quietly 提高/压低嗓门
at the top of one"s voice/lungs
as loudly as possible 用尽量大的声音，放声(大叫)
on a regular /absolute basis
regularly /absolutely 定期地;绝对地
on a... basis
in a...way …地;在…基础上
as a matter of fact
actually, in fact 实际上
live by
live according to (sth. such as a principle) 遵循(…的原则)
for sth."s / sb."s sake / for the sake of sth. / sb.
for the purpose of sth. / for the benefit of sb. 为了，为了…的利益
on hand
available; present (not absent) 现有，在手头;在场
make good (on one"s debt[s])
pay what one owes 偿付，支付(债务)
no sooner... than
1. 同…一样不
2. 一…就…
walk out on sth. / sb.
1. stop doing sth. one has agreed to do or that one is responsible for 不管，不顾;不履行;不支付
2. leave suddenly, esp. in a time of trouble; desert 抛弃，离开
in itself
considering only the thing specified; in its true nature 本身;实质上
more often than not
quite frequently 往往，多半
all is well
the situation is very satisfactory 一切顺利
21世纪大学英语读写教程Unit6内容60篇（扩展6）
——21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册课程6内容详解 (菁选2篇)
21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册课程6内容详解1
Leonid Fridman
There is something very wrong with the system of values in a society that has only unkind terms like nerd and geek for the intellectually curious and academically serious.
We all know what a nerd is: someone who wears thick glasses and ugly clothes; someone who knows all the answers to the chemistry or math homework but can never get a date on a Saturday night. And a geek, according to "Webster"s New World Dictionary," is a street performer who shocks the public by biting off heads of live chickens. It is a revealing fact about our language and our culture that someone dedicated to pursuit of knowledge is compared to such a freak.
Even at a prestigious educational institution like Harvard, anti-intellectualism is widespread: Many students are ashamed to admit, even to their friends, how much they study.
Although most students try to keep up their grades, there is but a small group of undergraduates for whom pursuing knowledge is the most important thing during their years at Harvard. Nerds are looked down upon while athletes are made heroes of.
The same thing happens in U.S. elementary and high schools. Children who prefer to read books rather than play football, prefer to build model airplanes rather than idle away their time at parties with their classmates, become social outcasts. Because of their intelligence and refusal to conform to society"s anti-intellectual values, many are deprived of a chance to learn adequate social skills and acquire good communication tools.
Enough is enough.
Nerds and geeks must stop being ashamed of what they are. Those who don"t study hard must stop teasing those who do, the bright kids with thick glasses. The anti-intellectual values that have spread throughout American society must be fought.
There are very few countries in the world where anti-intellectualism runs as high in popular culture as it does in the U.S.. In most industrialized nations, not least of all our economic rivals in East Asia, a kid who studies hard is praised and held up as an example to other students.
In many parts of the world, university professorships are the most prestigious and materially rewarding positions. But not in America, where average professional ballplayers are much more respected and better paid than professors of the best universities.
How can a country where typical parents are ashamed of their daughter studying mathematics instead of going dancing, or of their son reading Weber while his friends play baseball be expected to compete in the technology race with Japan? How long can America remain a world-class power if we constantly put social skills and physical strength over academic achievement and intellectual ability?
Do we really expect to stay afloat largely by importing our scientists and intellectuals from abroad, as we have done for a major portion of this century without making an effort to also cultivate a pro-intellectual culture at home? Even if we have the political will to spend a lot more money on education than we do now, do we think we can improve our schools if we laugh at our hardworking pupils and fail to respect their impoverished teachers?
Our fault lies not so much with our economy or with our politics as within ourselves, our values and our image of a good life. America"s culture has not adapted to the demands of our times, to the economic realities that demand a highly educated workforce and innovative intelligent leadership.
If we are to succeed as a society in the 21 st century, we had better do away with our anti-intellectualism and teach our children that a good life depends on exercising one"s mind and pursuing knowledge to the full extent of one"s abilities.
Not until the words "nerd" and "geek" become terms of praise rather than insults do we stand a chance.
21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册课程6内容详解2
Listen to the tape again. Then, choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1. The main purpose of this listening passage is to_________.
A) argue against higher salaries for athletes
B) offer solutions to current economic problems
C) complain about the lack of respect for intellectuals
D) describe changes in the English language
2. What is the meaning of the words "nerd" and "geek"?
A) They are insulting terms which are applied to smart students.
B) They are used in the U.S. to describe students from other countries.
C) A nerd is a good student and a geek is a poor student.
D) A nerd is a poor student and a geek is a good student.
3. The passage says that in nations other than the U.S.,_________.
A) hardworking students are praised
B) professors are paid better salaries
C) more respect is given to intellectuals
D) all of the above
4. The passage suggests that the words "nerd" and "geek" should_________.
A) be made illegal
B) become words of praise, rather than insults
C) be used to describe athletes instead of students
D) all of the above
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