2022年中国人民解放军解放军第三军医大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）【完整版】

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　2022 年中国人民解放军解放军第三军医大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

　第 第 1 题【单选题】

　【阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability______.

　 A、to create an environment of its own

　 B、to remain still when an enemy is near

　 C、to make food from inorganic chemicals

　 D、to change the color of its skin

　【正确答案】A

　【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。

　 第 第 2 题【单选题】

　【2008.04】It has been found that a strong _____ help overcome the effects of distraction.

　 A、interruption

　 B、motivation

　 C、evaluation

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　D、destination

　【正确答案】B

　【答案解析】本题考查名词词义区分。

　A. 打扰、中；断

　 B. 动机、诱因； C. 评估、评价；

　D. 目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的动机可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。

　 第 第 3 题【单选题】

　【2007.04】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be ________.

　 A、shut down

　 B、done away

　 C、gone off

　 D、called off

　【正确答案】D

　【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：关闭（工厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away 常与 with 搭配，构成 do away with。go off：爆炸，（闹铃）响。

　 第 第 4 题【单选题】

　【填句补文】It’s now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. ________. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.

　 A、There"s more pressure to get married nowadays.

　 B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.

　 C、It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.

　 D、More and more Americans are living alone.

　【正确答案】B

　【答案解析】前句中提到“经济独立”有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B 中的

　3 “妇女有好的工作，增加了独身的人数”与前句内容正好呼应。

　 第 第 5 题【单选题】

　【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百岁老人) get asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?"Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community．

　 A、True

　 B、False

　 C、Not Given

　【正确答案】C

　【答案解析】答案选 C。题目说的是“这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社区”，文章开头部分提到了“community(社区)”，但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。

　 第 第 6 题【单选题】

　【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children may be due to the latter’s lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is __________.

　 A、Two Major Changed View of Intelligence

　 B、Many of the differences in measured intelligence

　 C、Main Results of Recent Researches

　 D、Impact on School Education

　【正确答案】C

　4 【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项C中的Main Results只不过是 major findings 的另一种说法而已。

　 第 第 7 题【单选题】

　【填句补文】Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. ________. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.

　 A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.

　 B、This doesn"t necessarily mean that it will go well.

　 C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.

　 D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.

　【正确答案】A

　【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是 afraid，选项中 this fear 就是对这种担心的补充，这种担心是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问自己。

　 第 第 8 题【单选题】

　【阅读判断】One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse.Q: When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.

　 A、True

　 B、False

　 C、Not Given

　【正确答案】B

　【答案解析】答案选 B。题中说鼠标脏了，就得换用新的。这一说法与原文不符。原文说的是鼠标脏了，可以擦干净再用。it has to be replaced with a new one 与 you have to clean your mouse 不符。所以选 B。

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　第 第 9 题【单选题】

　Nobody but you _______ what he said.

　 A、agrees with

　 B、agrees out

　 C、agree with

　 D、agree to

　【正确答案】A

　【答案解析】主语为 nobody 时，谓语动词用单数，如果主语被 but, as well as, with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。该题易误选 C、D，选 D 的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词 to 时之后应加具体项目。而选择 C 就在于误把 you 作为主语对待了。而实际上 nobody 才是主语。

　 第 第 10 题【单选题】

　【阅读选择】The system has several advantages. Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth. Instead, they can stay inside, watching by remote control. If there is no problem, they stay away from the sheep. But when they are needed they can quickly go out to help, or to scare away foxes. The experiment is popular "with shepherds because it means that they do not have to spend all their time outdoors waiting for the lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage, we learn that walking among the sheep ______.

　 A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV inside

　 B、can help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambs

　 C、is the best way to protect the sheep

　 D、usually disturbs the mother sheep that will give birth

　【正确答案】D

　【答案解析】根据本段第二句话 Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth.可知 D 项正确。

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　第 第 11 题【单选题】

　【阅读选择】Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout one’s lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the world’s number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the "sound solution" is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off（下降）, can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier（放大器）.According to the passage, hearing loss is_____.

　 A、only a minor health problem.

　 B、the world’s most common health problem.

　 C、merely a teenage disease.

　 D、an incurable disease.

　【正确答案】B

　【答案解析】hearing loss is now the world’s number one health problem 这句话可以帮助我们找到答案。

　 第 第 12 题【单选题】

　【阅读判断】Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens (歌女). But no one knew where the garden was.Q: Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.

　 A、True

　 B、False

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　C、Not Given

　【正确答案】A

　【答案解析】答案选 A。句子的意思是：国王想除掉 Hercules，所以交给他很多艰巨的工作去做。这个信息在短文第二句和第三句中提到了，与短文的意思相符(国王很害怕 Hercules，多次交给他艰巨的工作去做)，由此可以推断本题的正确选项为 A。

　 第 第 13 题【单选题】

　【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of __________.

　 A、industrially polluted soils

　 B、the element of iodine

　 C、rock and soil chemistry

　 D、the persistence of heavy metals

　【正确答案】B

　【答案解析】通过关键词 Some serious diseases，可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of 和 lack of 表达同样的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为 B。

　 第 第 14 题【单选题】

　【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people’s cigarettes．________. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.

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　A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.

　 B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.

　 C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke.

　 D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.

　【正确答案】C

　【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选...

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